Today I Learned

hashrocket A Hashrocket project

Debugging csound with `printks`

Csound operates uniquely. You can specify certain operations to happen at a certain rate based on the variable name.

kval random 0, 10

This line of code produces a random value between 0 and 10, 1000 times a second because it populates a k-rate (control rate) variable.

But what if I want to debug this? Or see in the console what values I'm producing? You can use the printks opcode.

kval random 0, 10
printks "kval: %f\n", 1, kval

Clearly, 1000 prints a second would eat up the console quickly. printks's second argument is how many seconds between prints. It's debouncing printing automatically.

It's output looks like this:

kval: 9.635761
kval: 6.579237
kval: 6.564805
kval: 7.650385
kval: 3.684652
kval: 2.481188
kval: 3.298008
kval: 5.385859
kval: 0.559652
kval: 5.215418

Read more about it here.

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